LENTIGO SIMPLEX IN ORANGE CATS
Lentigo simplex has been described in orange cats. The condition is characterized by asymptomatic macular melanosis usually beginning in cats younger than 1 year of age.
The lesions start on the lips and begin as tiny black asymptomatic spots that gradually enlarge and become more numerous with time. There can be lesions on the nose, gingiva,and eyelids in addition to the lip. Well-circumscribed, generally circular areas of intense uniform macular melanosis,ranging from 1 to 9 mm in diameter and occasionally coalescent, are present in variable numbers. The surrounding tissue is normal. The lesions do not vary in the intensity of hyperpigmentation with the time of year. They are asymptomatic, do not develop into melanoma, and have no identified cause.
Histopathologic findings include marked hypermelanosis,predominantly of the basal cell layer of the epithelium, that is caused by the increased numbers of melanocytes and by hypermelanosis of the neighboring basal keratinocytes. Occasionally, melanophages are seen in the the superficial dermis.
Lentigo simplex is a cosmetic defect. These lesions do not require treatment, but if it is desired, surgical excision is the only way to eliminate them.
Muller and Kirk's Small Animal DERMATOLOGY
Cats and fireworks
Is your cat afraid of fireworks? Many cats are, and it's no surprise; the loud noise and flashes of light can send pets into a state of panic. The combination of loud noises and bright lights can scare animals, even those that don't normally have a history of noise phobias. Some animals hide, run away, or even have seizures during fireworks.
Fireworks are common on the 4th of July, so if your cat is one of those that is frightened by the noise, this information could help make the holiday safer and happier for them. Although many cats become frightened and often even terrified by loud noises such as those made by fireworks, they do not usually exhibit phobic behavior (where they become dysfunctional and can harm themselves) like many dogs do.
Still, most cats hate loud noises like fireworks and thunder and will turn into real "scaredy cats" when they hear the first booming crack of noise. They become extremely nervous and immediately run for cover. Hiding is a cat's way of seeking protection from danger. During fireworks or loud thunderstorms, a cat will often seek refuge under a bed or inside a closet. And while most cats emerge from their hiding places unharmed, they feel frightened and anxious throughout the experience.
Here is an article on Thunderstorm and Noise Phobia as the same principles apply to fireworks. Go to: Fear of Thunder, Sounds or Noises in Cats
Many pet lovers have asked me what they can do when their pets become anxious or nervous, and I think it is especially important to talk about this now with the 4th of July fast approaching. Here are some tips – go to: Is Your Cat Suffering from Anxiety?
So, what can you do to help keep your cat calm during fireworks?
Here are some suggestions for a safer, happier experience this holiday:
If your cat is very frightened by fireworks, consider staying at home that night so you will be there while the noise is happening.
Some cats are very sensitive to people's moods and may be influenced by the way that you react to the noise. It is best to act happy and calm to help reassure your cat that all is well.
If you must leave your cat at home alone during the fireworks, keep him indoors and try to keep him comfortable. Try turning on the radio, television, fan, or air conditioner as "white noise." Make sure you provide a comfortable hiding place or "safe place" for your cat to hide if he is scared during the fireworks.
The best way to deal with this issue is to be prepared. Before the fireworks begin, anticipate your cat's reaction to these loud noises. Whenever possible, try to avoid exposing your cat to fireworks. If this is not possible, do everything that you can to make your cat feel more comfortable and secure.
Talk to your cat in a light, cheerful, reassuring tone that sends a comforting message that the noise is no big deal. Make your cat's environment as peaceful as possible
پیکا (هرزهخواری) در گربهها
در اصطلاح به معنی خوردن مواد غیرخوراکی و در لغت به معنی زاغ ( دلیل نامگذاری این عارضه هم میل زاغ به هرزهخواری است.) میباشد. در همهی گربهها خصوصا نژاد های شرقی مثل Siamese, Burmese, Tonkiaese دیده میشود.
چه خوراکی هایی مصرف میشود؟
عمدتا به شکل خوردن پشم، پارچههای طبیعی و مصنوعی، اشیای لاستیکی، چوب، چرم، سلفون، کاغذ و مقوا وجود دارد.
در چه سنی اتفاق میافتد؟
توله گربهها عادت به جویدن بستر زیر حود دارند. بسیاری از آنها این رفتار را با افزایش سن ترک میکنند. ولی در برخی هم این عادت باقی مانده و به سختی تغییر مییابد.
چگونه بفهمیم گربهای پیکا دارد؟
در نمایش رفتارهای تهاجمی در طول بازی گربه اقدام به جویدن اشیای پیرامون میکند؛ اما آنها را نمیخورد. گربهی مبتلا به پیکا تکهی جویده شده را در مدت چند ثانیه با دندان های molar خود آسیاب کرده و قورت میدهد. دلیل آن هم به طور کامل هنوز مشخص نشده است. اما نظریهای بیان میکند که مواد شیمیایی جویده شده ایجاد نوعی لذت در گربه میکند که به دنبال آن اعتیادی شدید پیش میآید. گربه های بالغ هم به دنبال کمخونی اقدام به لیسیدن بستر رسی میکنند.
آیا پیکا برای گربه خطرناک است؟
بسیاری از مواد خورده شده باعث ایجاد انسداد روده میشوند. و ممکن است نیاز به برداشتن قسمتی از لولهی گوارش به وسیلهی لاپاراتومی باشد. اختلالات دیگری از قبیل پرکاری غدهی تیروئید، سرطان، مسمومیت با سرب و یا پریتونیت عفونی هم محتمل است.
در صورت هرزهخواری در گربه چه اعمالی انجام دهیم؟
از آنجایی که بیشتر گربه های محصور در خانه دچار این عارضه میشوند، ایجاد دسترسی کنترلشده و امن به فضای آزاد راه مناسبی برای درمان در این موارد است. تغییر رژیم غدایی به رژیمی با مقادیر فیبر زیاد به علاوهی مقدار ناچیزی روغن ماهی برای ارضای میل جویدن، مالیدن موادی مثل روغن اکالیپتوس یا سیب تلخ ( مورد استفاده برای جلوگیری از جویدن بخیههای زخمهای جراحی) بر روی موادی که میل به جویدنشان وجود دارد، مخفی کردن این اجسام از دسترس گربه، و در صورت صلاح دید تجویز داروی ضدافسردگی هم راههای موثری برای درمان میباشند.
منبع: http://icatcare.org
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